The first industry in the New River Gorge, the Quinnimont Charter Oak & Iron Company, was organized in 1870 to build and operate an iron furnace at Quinnimont near the mouth of Laurel Creek. A short branch line railroad of about one and half miles was built from the C&O mainline to the mine by the iron company. The aim of the Journal is to publish research and articles of interest concerning military history by members of the Society or the Museum or any other person who wishes to submit his or her work. Vol 19 No 4 June 2022 SA ISSN 0026-4016. The Orange Free State Artillery Corps at the Battle of Graspan By Nico Fourie. First Australians; family history; other topics. The 9 guides in the National Archives of Australia's Prime Ministers series provide: short biographies; extensive archival listings on 14 former prime ministers. Access the research guides. The easiest way to access our research guides is to download a free copy using the links below. TIMELINE: 150 years of Kern County history. THE BAKERSFIELD CALIFORNIAN. Dec 1, 2016. 1 of 3. Parade celebrating the arrival of the Santa Fe/San Joaquin Valley Railroad, at the corner of 19th The Nome, Alaska, post office was a bee hive of activity during the great gold rush of 1900. In the summer of 1900, Nome was the largest general delivery address in the U.S. postal system. In his book, "Alaska's First Free Mail Delivery in 1900," letter carrier Fred Lockley noted that the postal clerks had to use five filing boxes just to sort The network was constructed by Vietnamese fighters during the struggle for independence and took 25 years to complete. This incredible structure has living rooms, kitchens, hospitals, weapon factories, storage facilities and a command centre and was an excellent way for the Vietcong to move around the countryside undetected by Americans. GJ8d. 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Read more Top 5 best PC role-playing games 2023 Top 1 Ancient Sword Ky Dam Online At the top of this list can't be ignored the recently released huge... Read more Vietnam Railways is the owner of Vietnam’s railway system, which was built during the 1880s – in the time of the French colonial rule – and runs a total of 1,600 miles. Vietnam Railways primarily uses a metre gauge. However, in the North areas of the country, there are also mixed gauge and standard gauge lines. The key route of this line is a 1,072-mile single track the North-South Railway line. It runs between Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi. There are also lines that run to the People’s Republic of China from Hanoi, which also go to Beijing and areas in and around Hanoi. The History Of Vietnam Railways Soon after the first railways were set up, including a tram that ran from the ports of Saigon and Cholon and a regional railway that linked MỹTho with Saigon, construction of the railway took off between 1897 and 1902 during Paul Doumer’s administration as Governor-General of French Indochina. During this time period, the North-South and Yunnan-Vietnam railways were started. It took more than 30 years for the construction of North-South line, with operations kicking off in 1936. The other branch lines were wrapped up during this time. At the start of the Second World War, various groups targeted the Vietnam railways. During the Vietnam War, these groups included the South Vietnamese and South Vietnamese troops. While the main lines of the North-South line were restored in a rapid pace and back in service, many branch lines were abandoned and dismantled after the conflict had ended. The infrastructure of these lines was used to fix the main lines’ damaged areas or became scrap material. During the late 1980s, the DoiMoi reforms led to an increase in economic growth, which pushed the Vietnam railways system into a new development phase. The official development assistance proposed or had put into motion several big projects. This includes an array of projects to better railway and bridge safety on the North-South Railway line, networks to Laos and Cambodia and the restoration of several obsolete lines like the Da La-Thap Cham railway, which was set up during the 1930s. Another proposal for a high-speed rail link between Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi was also proposed. This link would decrease the travel time from 30 hours to about six hours. Ground has also been broke on a Vietnam Railway line from Savannakhet to Lao Bao, adjacent to the Thai Railhead to Bangkok. The first made-in-Vietnam luxury train carriage Compared to airplanes or buses, railway trains are not everyone’s favorite means of transport when travelling between cities in Vietnam. Some of the reasons might be that train rides take a longer time to reach their destination, and that most trains are not well-furnished enough for a comfortable long ride. To encourage more Vietnamese to travel by train and introduce a new train riding experience to them, Saigon Railway Transport Joint Stock Company and Minor Hotels jointly developed The Vietage, the first built-in-Vietnam luxury railway train. Vietnam’s railway system goes back to the French era Vietnam’s railway system was first built in 1881 during the French colonial rule, connecting Saigon and My Tho province. It was one of the first trains in the region and the most modern in Southeast Asia at that time. Today, the railway system is operated by the state-owned Vietnam Railways corporation. The main route stretches across 1,730KM 1,074 miles of the North-South railway line, running between Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. Typical intercity trains in Vietnam Image adapted from Đường Sắt Việt Nam – Hành trình vạn dặm 34-hour passenger rides between Hanoi and Saigon are popular among backpackers and budget travellers keen on seeing the scenery and landmarks along the way to the final destination. Hue, Hoi An, and Nha Trang are also favorite destinations among train travellers. For a long time, train seating options in Vietnam have included hard seats, soft seats, hard sleeper, and soft sleeper. Even though the trains have been given major upgrades over the centuries and the first-class cabins are equipped with air conditioning, Vietnam’s railway trains are mostly still considered outdated and not comfortable enough for long rides. The Vietage’s train cabin changes the game With only 12 seats for optimal privacy and serenity, The Vietage’s train cabin boasts a comprehensive range of facilities such as a restaurant, a bar, and a massage parlor – yes, imagine having all your tight neck and shoulder muscles kneaded while whizzing past the lush scenery. We can’t imagine passengers will be lacking anything when riding this train. Guests will be comfortably seated in open compartments, feeling private but still airy Image credit Đường Sắt Việt Nam – Hành trình vạn dặm The cabin is tastefully designed, with the light wood flooring blending effortlessly with the beige compartments and yellow chairs. The broad use of yellow in different shades give the train interiors an Indochinese, tropical aura. This is also the first boutique-concept train designed and built by a Vietnamese team. Expected to commence service on 1st July 2020, The Vietage will operate 6-hour round trips between Danang station near Hoi An Old Town and Dieu Tri station in Quy Nhon, Binh Dinh Province. The Vietage operates for eleven months a year, pausing during the Tet holiday period. Passengers will get to enjoy different sights and scenic views on the way as their train cruises along the South Central region. Image credit Đường Sắt Việt Nam – Hành trình vạn dặm To keep passengers excited during the long ride, the train staff will provide on-board entertainment with local cultural themes. A train cruising amid majestic surroundings Image credit The Vietage Book a seat on the luxury train If you’re interested in exploring the heritage charms of Vietnam’s south-central region on this chic and fancy train, you can book a slot in advance through the train operator’s email at vietage or call them at +84 0 235 391 4555. Price is USD185 subject to change per seat per way after taxes, which includes A welcome drink A 3-course lunch or dinner Snacks Free-flow soft drinks, beer, and wine A 30-minute head and shoulder massage Find out more about the schedules of The Vietage trains here. Also check out Vietnamese police to carry out roadside vehicle checks Vietnam reopens nightlife entertainment hubs More job opportunities for Vietnamese as COVID-19 lockdowns are relaxed Cover image adapted from Đường Sắt Việt Nam – Hành trình vạn dặm Enjoying The Smart Local Vietnam? Follow us on Facebook and LinkedIn for more stories like this. Câu hỏi Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each numbered blank. The railway system in Viet Nam was first built in 1899, when Viet Nam was still a French colony. The total __ 28 __ of the railroad is over 3,000 km, with the main route being the North-South __ 29 __, which is 1,726 km long. This track was considered the backbone of Indochina at the time. Now, the rail system covers 35 out of t...Đọc tiếp Xem chi tiết Choose the word or phrase in the box which has the same meaning as the underlined word/phrase in each of the following sentences Coffee stone tortoises Da Nang Ha Noi Sai Gon educational institution Viet Nam 1, The Vietnamese are aspecially proud of their historic capital city. The old quarter of Ha Noi dates backs to the 11th century 2, Ha Nois peacefulVan Mieu, or Temple of Literature, is Viet Nams oldest educational institut...Đọc tiếp Choose the word or phrase in the box which has the same meaning as the underlined word/phrase in each of the following sentences Coffee stone tortoises Da Nang Ha Noi Sai Gon educational institution Viet Nam 1, The Vietnamese are aspecially proud of their historic capital city. The old quarter of Ha Noi dates backs to the 11th century 2, Ha Noi's peaceful'Van Mieu', or Temple of Literature, is Viet Nam's oldest educational institution. The Confucius inspired university was established for the education of mandarins 3, Around the central courtyard of Van Mieu stand 82 stone tortoises. These beautiful ancient scuptures were built to honour the men who received doctorates in triennial examinations 4, While most tourists neglect Viet Nam's fourth-largest city in favour of nearby Hue and Hoi An, it has considerable charm in its own right 5, Another tourists' favourite is Sai Gon which was renamed Ho Chi Minh City following its fall in 1975. However, the old name is still used by both Vietnamese and foreigners, especially when referring to the most central part of the city 6, The Vietnamese love a good cup of coffee. In the central market of Sai Gon, many small shops offer samples of the favourite beverage, individually brewed with a small metal French drip filter, and served with condensed milk Xem chi tiết Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the 22nd Southeast Asian Games were held in Viet Nam from the 5th to 13th December, 2003. Although it was the first time Viet Nam hosted such a big sports event, the Games were a great success. The Games really became a festival that impressed sports enthusiasts with its spirit solidarity, co-operation for peace and from 11 participating countries competed in...Đọc tiếp Xem chi tiết Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the 22nd Southeast Asian Games were held in Viet Nam from the 5th to 13th December, 2003. Although it was the first time Viet Nam hosted such a big sports event, the Games were a great success. The Games really became a festival that impressed sports enthusiasts with its spirit solidarity, co-operation for peace and from 11 participating countries competed in...Đọc tiếp Xem chi tiết 1/ Use the correct form of the words in brakets to complete the following passage. Le Van Thiem - the founder of contemporary mathematics in Viet Nam Le van Thiem was born in 1918 in Ha Tinh, Viet Nam , in an intellectual family. He was the young______ of 13 brothers and sisters. He was the first Vietnamese to earn a modern doctoral degree. In 1939, after passing the final examinations with excellent marks, Le van Thiem was offered a scholarship to study in Paris, France. His contribute___...Đọc tiếp Xem chi tiết 1/ Use the correct form of the words in brakets to complete the following passage. Le Van Thiem - the founder of contemporary mathematics in Viet Nam Le van Thiem was born in 1918 in Ha Tinh, Viet Nam , in an intellectual family. He was the young______ of 13 brothers and sisters. He was the first Vietnamese to earn a modern doctoral degree. In 1939, after passing the final examinations with excellent marks, Le van Thiem was offered a scholarship to study in Paris, Franc...Đọc tiếp Xem chi tiết Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the 22nd Southeast Asian Games were held in Viet Nam from the 5th to 13th December, 2003. Although it was the first time Viet Nam hosted such a big sports event, the Games were a great success. The Games really became a festival that impressed sports enthusiasts with its spirit solidarity, co-operation for peace and from 11 participating countries competed in...Đọc tiếp Xem chi tiết 2. Read the passage and choose the correct answers A, B, C or D to fill in the name is Mike and I’m a Vietnamese-American. Last February, I travelled to Viet Nam 1 ______ my parents to celebrate Tet holiday. It was my first time being in Viet Nam and meeting my grandmother. She 2 ______me a lot about Vietnamese culture, about things I should and shouldn’t do on Tet holiday. I should wear new and beautiful clothes to bring luck; however, they shouldn’t be white or black. Children...Đọc tiếp Xem chi tiết Vyyyyy 5 tháng 1 2022 lúc 2337 V. Read the following passage and choose the best option A, B, C or D to complete the is the biggest festival in Viet Nam. It takes place in the first lunar month of the year; it’s a time for family reunion. To 36 _____________ Tet, Vietnamese people make many tasty 37______________ foods. The most important food includes Chung cakes, sausages, boiled chicken, spring rolls, and sticky rice. Chung cake is made of sticky rice, pork, green beans and other spices, wrapped in the gr...Đọc tiếp Xem chi tiết When they first drew up plans for a citywide tramway network in 1894, it seemed as though the Hanoi authorities would follow Saigon’s example by opting for steam traction. Yet, by the time government approval was forthcoming in 1899, advances in technology made it possible to construct the entire system as a state-of-the-art, one-meter gauge electric tramway. In 1900, the Compagnie des Tramways Électriques d’Hanoï et Extensions CTEH was to set up to build the first two tramway lines, which were jointly inaugurated in November 1901. A CTEH Line 1 tram at the Place des Cocotiers terminus. Setting out from the Place des Cocotiers terminus next to the Petit Lac Hoàn Kiếm Lake, Line 1 led southward to Bạch Mai and Line 2 northeastward to Giấy village, near today’s Bưởi Market. A subsequent decision of July 20, 1905 authorized the extension of Line 1 to Chợ Mơ on the Route Circulaire now Đại La Street. A CTEH Line 1 tram passes the Petit Lac. In 1904, work began on Line 3, which led east from the Petit Lac to the Pagode des Corbeaux the Temple of Literature and then headed southwest to Thái Hà Ấp. This line was extended to Hà Đông in 1914 and to Cầu Đơ Market in 1938. A CTEH Line 3 tram at Hà Đông. Construction of Line 4 got under way in 1907. Following the path of Line 3 from Place des Cocotiers to the Pagode des Corbeaux, it then branched westward to the Pont du Papier Cầu Giấy. In its early years, despite its apparent popularity, the Hanoi tramway network suffered continuous financial problems. Until as late as 1913, CTEH remained a deficitary operation. Thereafter, profits remained relatively modest, precluding adequate maintenance on its rolling stock, track, catenary and buildings. In 1929, the increasingly run-down network was taken over by the Compagnie des Tramways du Tonkin CTT, which upgraded large stretches of track and catenary and ordered replacement second-generation tractor and trailer sets from France. It was under the CTT that the final stage of network expansion was implemented. A decision of November 14, 1930 authorized the creation of Line 5, which branched off Line 3 and headed south along the Route Mandarine to Kim Liên and northward from Place Neyret to Yên Phụ on the Red River Dyke. In 1943, Line 5 was extended further south as far as the Route Circulaire, in order to serve the René Robin Hospital, the radio station and Bạch Mai airfield. With the completion of Line 5, the tramway network in Hanoi had reached approximately 30 kilometers in length. 13 CTEH Line 3 tram at Place Neyret. In 1952, at the height of the First Indochina War, the CTT was renamed the Société des Transports en Commun de la Région d'Hanoï. However, on June 1, 1955, this company ceased operations and all track, equipment and rolling stock was transferred to the new Democratic Republic of Vietnam. A Hanoi Line 1 tram 1927 stock heads south along Hàng Bài towards Bạch Mai in 1960. Unlike its Saigon counterpart, the Hanoi tramway system continued to function for nearly 30 years after independence. In fact, in 1968 the Hanoi People’s Committee even built an additional spur from the Cửa Nam junction along Cột Cờ Street now Điện Biên Phủ and Hùng Vương Street, rejoining Line 2 south of Trúc Bạch Lake. However by the early 1980s, track, catenary and rolling stock had deteriorated to the extent that the tramway was no longer fit for its purpose. Line 1 Bạch Mai Phong was closed in 1982, followed in subsequent years by Line 4 Cầu Giấy, Line 3 Hà Đông, Line 5 Yên Phụ and finally, in 1989, Line 2 Đường Bưởi. A Hanoi Line 2 tram 1927 stock picture in the 1980s. Line 4 Cầu Giấy was offered a brief reprieve of sorts in 1986, when the route was taken over by a small donated fleet of old trolley buses from Eastern Europe. The Hanoi-Cầu Giấy trolley bus fleet outlasted the trams, soldiering on until 1993 when it, too, fell victim to modernization. Tim Doling is the author of the guidebooks Exploring Huế Nhà Xuất Bản Thế Giới, Hà Nội, 2018, Exploring Saigon-Chợ Lớn Nhà Xuất Bản Thế Giới, Hà Nội, 2019 and Exploring Quảng Nam Nhà Xuất Bản Thế Giới, Hà Nội, 2020 and The Railways and Tramways of Việt Nam White Lotus Press, 2012 For more information about Saigon history, visit his website,

the railway system in vietnam was first built in 1899